Vitamins are essential micronutrients for the proper functioning of the body. Although needed in small amounts, they play a fundamental role in metabolic processes, support the immune system, produce energy, and protect cells from oxidative stress. They are generally obtained through diet, as the body is unable to synthesize them in sufficient quantities.
The main distinction is between fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E and K), stored in adipose tissue, and water-soluble vitamins, such as vitamins C and B, which are not stored for long and must therefore be consumed regularly through diet.
Among the B vitamins, vitamin B12 is particularly important. It is essential for the formation of red blood cells, the proper functioning of the nervous system, and DNA synthesis. A vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to anemia and neurological disorders, which can be serious if left untreated. Vitamin B12 is found almost exclusively in foods of animal origin, such as meat, fish, eggs, milk, and dairy products.
This is why people following a vegetarian or vegan diet are more prone to deficiencies and often need supplements. The elderly or those with intestinal disorders may also have difficulty absorbing it properly. Sufficient vitamin intake is essential for good health, and vitamin B12 deserves special attention due to its crucial role in the body.
